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AISI 309 Stainless Steel vs. 5005 Aluminum

AISI 309 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5005 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 309 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 5005 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 210
28 to 64
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
68
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 47
1.1 to 23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 280
38 to 86
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
26
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 470
70 to 130
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 710
110 to 230
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 350
41 to 210

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 980
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
630
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
200
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
52
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
170

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 51
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 170
1190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
2.3 to 22
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 170 to 310
12 to 320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
11 to 23
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 23
19 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
82
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 16
4.9 to 10

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
97 to 99.5
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0
Chromium (Cr), % 22 to 24
0 to 0.1
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 58 to 66
0 to 0.7
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0.5 to 1.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.2
Nickel (Ni), % 12 to 15
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 0.3
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15