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AISI 309 Stainless Steel vs. 5070 Aluminum

AISI 309 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5070 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 309 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 5070 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
68
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 47
20
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 280
150
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
26
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 470
190
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 710
300
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 350
140

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 980
190
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
550
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
31
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
100

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
8.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 51
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 170
1170

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
51
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 170 to 310
150
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
31
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 23
37
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
53
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 16
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
92.4 to 95.7
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0
Chromium (Cr), % 22 to 24
0 to 0.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 58 to 66
0 to 0.4
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
3.5 to 4.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.4 to 0.8
Nickel (Ni), % 12 to 15
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.15
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.4 to 0.8
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15