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AISI 309 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 445 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 309 stainless steel and AISI 445 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 83% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 309 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 445 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180 to 210
160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 47
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 250 to 280
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.28
Rockwell B Hardness 84
71
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
78
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 470
310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 600 to 710
480
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 260 to 350
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 440
480
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 980
950
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1390
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
21
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 15
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.2
2.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.6
2.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 51
38
Embodied Water, L/kg 170
130

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 23
20
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
98
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 170 to 310
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 23
18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
5.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 14 to 16
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.020
Chromium (Cr), % 22 to 24
19 to 21
Copper (Cu), % 0
0.3 to 0.6
Iron (Fe), % 58 to 66
74.9 to 80.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 12 to 15
0 to 0.6
Niobium (Nb), % 0
0 to 0.8
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.012