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AISI 312 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel

Both AISI 312 stainless steel and ASTM A387 grade 12 steel are iron alloys. They have 68% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 312 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 250
140 to 160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 28
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 370
190 to 230
Poisson's Ratio 0.27
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 80
73
Shear Strength, MPa 510
300 to 330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 780
470 to 520
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 510
260 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 300
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1100
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1390
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.1
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.5
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 17
2.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.4
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 48
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 170
51

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 33
2.7
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190
98 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 640
180 to 250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 15
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 28
16 to 18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 24
17 to 18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.3
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 21
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0.050 to 0.17
Chromium (Cr), % 24 to 26
0.8 to 1.2
Iron (Fe), % 62.2 to 69.2
97 to 98.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.4 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 1.2 to 2.0
0.45 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 5.5 to 6.5
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.14 to 0.2
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.025