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AISI 316L Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A232 Spring Steel

Both AISI 316L stainless steel and ASTM A232 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 69% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 316L stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A232 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 350
540
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 9.0 to 50
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 170 to 450
1040
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 78
73
Shear Strength, MPa 370 to 690
1090
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 530 to 1160
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190 to 870
1610

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 870
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1400
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.3
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.6
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 19
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.9
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 53
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 150
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 77 to 230
250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19 to 41
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 18 to 31
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.1
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 25
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.030
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 16 to 18
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 62 to 72
96.8 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.7 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 2.0 to 3.0
0
Nickel (Ni), % 10 to 14
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.035
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3