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AISI 321 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 304 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 321 stainless steel and AISI 304 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 98% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 321 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 304 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 210
170 to 360
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 50
8.0 to 43
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 270
210 to 440
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
77
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 460
400 to 690
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 690
580 to 1180
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 350
230 to 860

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 480
420
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 870
710
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
2.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 19
20
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190 to 230
86 to 250
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 310
140 to 1870
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
21 to 42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
20 to 32
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.1
4.2
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
12 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
18 to 20
Iron (Fe), % 65.3 to 74
66.5 to 74
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
8.0 to 10.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.7
0