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AISI 321 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 405 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 321 stainless steel and AISI 405 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 84% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 321 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 405 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 210
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 50
22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 270
130
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
76
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 460
300
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 690
470
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 350
200

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
280
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 480
390
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 870
820
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1530
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
30
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
2.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
3.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
7.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 19
13
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190 to 230
84
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 310
100
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.1
8.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
16

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
0.1 to 0.3
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.080
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
11.5 to 14.5
Iron (Fe), % 65.3 to 74
82.5 to 88.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
0 to 0.6
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.7
0