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AISI 321 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel

Both AISI 321 stainless steel and ASTM A387 grade 12 steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 321 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 210
140 to 160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 50
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 270
190 to 230
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
73
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 460
300 to 330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 690
470 to 520
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 350
260 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 870
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
2.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
51

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 19
2.7
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190 to 230
98 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 310
180 to 250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
16 to 18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
17 to 18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.1
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.050 to 0.17
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
0.8 to 1.2
Iron (Fe), % 65.3 to 74
97 to 98.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.4 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.45 to 0.6
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0.15 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.025
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.7
0