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AISI 321 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4140 Steel

Both AISI 321 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4140 steel are iron alloys. They have 72% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 321 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4140 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170 to 210
200 to 310
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 50
11 to 26
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 270
360 to 650
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
73
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 460
410 to 660
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 690
690 to 1080
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 350
590 to 990

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 870
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
43
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
2.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190 to 230
74 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 310
920 to 2590
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
25 to 38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
22 to 30
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.1
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
20 to 32

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 65.3 to 74
96.8 to 97.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.7
0

Comparable Variants