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AISI 321 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI D4 Steel

Both AISI 321 stainless steel and SAE-AISI D4 steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 321 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI D4 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34 to 50
8.4 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 270
310 to 920
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
74
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 460
460 to 1210
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 690
760 to 2060
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 350
470 to 1540

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
270
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1430
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
31
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
4.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
5.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
8.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
3.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
49
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
100

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 19
15
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190 to 230
100 to 160
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
27 to 75
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
24 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.1
8.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
23 to 63

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
2.1 to 2.4
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
11 to 13
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 65.3 to 74
80.6 to 86.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.7 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
0 to 0.3
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.7
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 1.0