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AISI 321 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI P21 Steel

Both AISI 321 stainless steel and SAE-AISI P21 steel are iron alloys. They have 75% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (11, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 321 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI P21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 590 to 690
1130

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 16
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
9.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
6.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
2.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 45
32
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
62

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21 to 25
40
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20 to 22
31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.1
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 13 to 15
37

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.18 to 0.22
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
0 to 0.5
Cobalt (Co), % 0
1.1 to 1.3
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 65.3 to 74
92.1 to 94.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.35 to 0.72
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
3.9 to 4.3
Nitrogen (N), % 0 to 0.1
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0.2 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.7
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.25