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AISI 321H Stainless Steel vs. AISI 431 Stainless Steel

Both AISI 321H stainless steel and AISI 431 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 89% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 321H stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 431 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
250
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 40
15 to 17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
430 to 610
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
77
Shear Strength, MPa 400
550 to 840
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580
890 to 1380
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230
710 to 1040

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
280
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 480
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 940
850
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
26
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
2.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
9.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
2.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 46
31
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
120

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 18
16
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190
140 to 180
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140
1270 to 2770
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
32 to 50
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
27 to 36
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
7.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
28 to 43

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.040 to 0.1
0 to 0.2
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
15 to 17
Iron (Fe), % 65.4 to 74
78.2 to 83.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0 to 1.0
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
1.3 to 2.5
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.7
0