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AISI 321H Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

Both AISI 321H stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4340M steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 74% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (6, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 321H stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 40
6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 200
690
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
72
Shear Strength, MPa 400
1360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 580
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 230
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 940
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1430
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1380
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 15
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 17
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.4
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 2.7
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 16
3.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 3.2
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 46
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 140
55

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 18
2.2
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 190
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 140
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 21
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 20
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 4.0
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
70

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.040 to 0.1
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 17 to 19
0.7 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 65.4 to 74
93.3 to 94.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 2.0
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 9.0 to 12
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.75
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.012
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.7
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1