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AISI 334 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A321 Carbon Steel

Both AISI 334 stainless steel and ASTM A321 carbon steel are iron alloys. They have 60% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 27 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 334 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 34
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 150
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
73
Shear Strength, MPa 360
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 1000
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
12

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 22
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.1
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 59
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 170
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 96
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
22
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
21

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0.15 to 0.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.55
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
0
Iron (Fe), % 55.7 to 62.7
98.1 to 99.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.6 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 19 to 21
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.6
0