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AISI 334 Stainless Steel vs. Automotive Malleable Cast Iron

Both AISI 334 stainless steel and automotive malleable cast iron are iron alloys. They have 60% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 24 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (10, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 334 stainless steel and the bottom bar is automotive malleable cast iron.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 180
130 to 290
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
180
Elongation at Break, % 34
1.0 to 10
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
70
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540
350 to 720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 190
220 to 590

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 290
260
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1410
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1370
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 16
14

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 22
1.9
Density, g/cm3 7.9
7.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 4.1
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 59
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 170
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140
6.8 to 30
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 96
130 to 950
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 19
13 to 26
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
14 to 24
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12
9.9 to 21

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0.15 to 0.6
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
2.2 to 2.9
Chromium (Cr), % 18 to 20
0
Iron (Fe), % 55.7 to 62.7
93.6 to 96.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 1.3
Nickel (Ni), % 19 to 21
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0.020 to 0.15
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.9 to 1.9
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.015
0.020 to 0.2
Titanium (Ti), % 0.15 to 0.6
0