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AISI 405 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 316LN Stainless Steel

Both AISI 405 stainless steel and AISI 316LN stainless steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 81% of their average alloy composition in common.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 405 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 316LN stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 170
180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 22
42
Fatigue Strength, MPa 130
200
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 51
51
Rockwell B Hardness 76
80
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
82
Shear Strength, MPa 300
410
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 470
590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200
230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 390
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 820
940
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1530
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1480
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 30
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
19
Calomel Potential, mV -210
-40
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
53
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 13
27
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 84
200
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 100
130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 17
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 17
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.1
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 16
13

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0.1 to 0.3
0
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 11.5 to 14.5
16 to 18
Iron (Fe), % 82.5 to 88.4
62 to 71.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.6
10 to 14
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.1 to 0.16
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030