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AISI 409 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A227 Spring Steel

Both AISI 409 stainless steel and ASTM A227 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 409 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A227 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 24
12
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
900 to 1160
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
72
Shear Strength, MPa 270
1030 to 1330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
1720 to 2220
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200
1430 to 1850

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 94
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83
200 to 260
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
61 to 79
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
41 to 48
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.7
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
55 to 71

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.45 to 0.85
Chromium (Cr), % 10.5 to 11.7
0
Iron (Fe), % 84.9 to 89.5
97.4 to 99.1
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.3 to 1.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.75
0