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AISI 409 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A229 Spring Steel

Both AISI 409 stainless steel and ASTM A229 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 409 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A229 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 24
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
710 to 790
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
72
Shear Strength, MPa 270
1020 to 1140
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
1690 to 1890
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200
1100 to 1230

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
50
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
19
Embodied Water, L/kg 94
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83
200 to 230
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 100
3260 to 4080
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
60 to 67
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
40 to 43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.7
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
54 to 60

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.55 to 0.85
Chromium (Cr), % 10.5 to 11.7
0
Iron (Fe), % 84.9 to 89.5
97.5 to 99
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.3 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.75
0