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AISI 409 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A232 Spring Steel

Both AISI 409 stainless steel and ASTM A232 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 89% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 409 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A232 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 24
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
1040
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
73
Shear Strength, MPa 270
1090
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200
1610

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 94
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83
250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.7
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 10.5 to 11.7
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 84.9 to 89.5
96.8 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.7 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.035
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.75
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3