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AISI 409 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 21 Steel

Both AISI 409 stainless steel and ASTM A387 grade 21 steel are iron alloys. They have a moderately high 91% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 409 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 21 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 24
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
160 to 250
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
74
Shear Strength, MPa 270
310 to 370
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
500 to 590
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200
230 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
480
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1430
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
8.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
4.1
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 94
62

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 11
6.4
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83
84 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 100
140 to 320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
18 to 21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
18 to 20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.7
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
14 to 17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.050 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 10.5 to 11.7
2.8 to 3.3
Iron (Fe), % 84.9 to 89.5
94.4 to 96
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.1
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.025
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.75
0