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AISI 409 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

Both AISI 409 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4340M steel are iron alloys. Both are furnished in the annealed condition. They have 89% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 409 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 24
6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 140
690
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
72
Shear Strength, MPa 270
1360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 200
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 710
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 11
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 6.5
3.9
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 94
55

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 11
2.2
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 83
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 100
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.7
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 15
70

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.080
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 10.5 to 11.7
0.7 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 84.9 to 89.5
93.3 to 94.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.5
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.045
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.012
Titanium (Ti), % 0 to 0.75
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1