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AISI 416Se Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A231 Spring Steel

Both AISI 416Se stainless steel and ASTM A231 spring steel are iron alloys. They have 87% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 416Se stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A231 spring steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 230
540
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 23
14
Fatigue Strength, MPa 210
1000
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 50
46
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
73
Shear Strength, MPa 340
1080
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 540
1790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 310
1570

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 760
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1440
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1400
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 30
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.9
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.3
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 8.0
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.9
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 27
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 110
230
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 20
64
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 19
42
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 8.1
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 20
53

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.15
0.48 to 0.53
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 83.1 to 87.9
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.3
0.7 to 0.9
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.040
Selenium (Se), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.060
0 to 0.040
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.15 to 0.3