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AISI 418 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4340M Steel

Both AISI 418 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4340M steel are iron alloys. They have 85% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 418 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340M steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 330
710
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 17
6.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 520
690
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
72
Shear Strength, MPa 680
1360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1100
2340
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 850
1240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 770
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1500
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1460
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 25
38
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.8
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.1
9.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 15
3.9
Density, g/cm3 8.0
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.9
1.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 41
26
Embodied Water, L/kg 110
55

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 19
2.2
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 170
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1830
4120
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 38
84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 29
51
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.7
10
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 40
70

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.2
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0.7 to 1.0
Iron (Fe), % 78.5 to 83.6
93.3 to 94.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 0.5
0.65 to 0.9
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0.35 to 0.45
Nickel (Ni), % 1.8 to 2.2
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.012
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 0.5
1.5 to 1.8
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.012
Tungsten (W), % 2.5 to 3.5
0
Vanadium (V), % 0
0.050 to 0.1