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AISI 420 Stainless Steel vs. 1235 Aluminum

AISI 420 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 1235 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 420 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 1235 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 15
28 to 34
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 670
23 to 58
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
26
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 1010
52 to 56
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1720
80 to 84
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 380 to 1310
23 to 57

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 620
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
640
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
230
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
60
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
200

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.5
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
8.3
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 88 to 130
17 to 25
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 4410
3.8 to 24
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 62
8.2 to 8.6
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 41
15 to 16
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.3
93
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 62
3.6 to 3.7

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
99.35 to 100
Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.050
Iron (Fe), % 82.3 to 87.9
0 to 0.65
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
0 to 0.050
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.050
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.75
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.65
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.060
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.050
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.1