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AISI 420 Stainless Steel vs. 5059 Aluminum

AISI 420 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5059 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 420 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 5059 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
69
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 15
11 to 25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 670
170 to 240
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
26
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 1010
220 to 250
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1720
350 to 410
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 380 to 1310
170 to 300

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
390
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 390
65
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 620
210
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
650
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
510
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
110
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
29
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
95

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.5
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
9.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 88 to 130
42 to 75
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 4410
220 to 650
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
50
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 62
36 to 42
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 41
41 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.3
44
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 62
16 to 18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
89.9 to 94
Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0 to 0.25
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.25
Iron (Fe), % 82.3 to 87.9
0 to 0.5
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
5.0 to 6.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.6 to 1.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.75
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.45
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.2
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.4 to 0.9
Zirconium (Zr), % 0
0.050 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15

Comparable Variants