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AISI 420 Stainless Steel vs. 5082 Aluminum

AISI 420 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 5082 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 420 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 5082 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
67
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 15
1.1
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 670
110 to 130
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
25
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 1010
210 to 230
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1720
380 to 400
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 380 to 1310
300 to 340

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
400
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 620
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
910
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
24

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
32
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.5
9.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
2.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
8.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1180

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 88 to 130
4.0 to 4.3
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 4410
670 to 870
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
51
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 62
39 to 41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 41
43 to 45
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.3
54
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 62
17 to 18

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
93.5 to 96
Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0 to 0.15
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.15
Iron (Fe), % 82.3 to 87.9
0 to 0.35
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
4.0 to 5.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.15
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.75
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.2
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0 to 0.25
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15