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AISI 420 Stainless Steel vs. 7049 Aluminum

AISI 420 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while 7049 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 420 stainless steel and the bottom bar is 7049 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 15
6.2 to 7.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 670
160 to 170
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.32
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
27
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 1010
300 to 310
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1720
510 to 530
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 380 to 1310
420 to 450

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
370
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 620
180
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
640
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
480
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
860
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
130
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
23

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
36
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
110

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.5
10
Density, g/cm3 7.7
3.1
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
8.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
140
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
1110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 88 to 130
31 to 34
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 4410
1270 to 1440
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
45
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 62
46 to 47
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 41
46 to 47
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.3
51
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 62
22 to 23

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
85.7 to 89.5
Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.4
0
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0.1 to 0.22
Copper (Cu), % 0
1.2 to 1.9
Iron (Fe), % 82.3 to 87.9
0 to 0.35
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
2.0 to 2.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.2
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.75
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.25
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Titanium (Ti), % 0
0 to 0.1
Zinc (Zn), % 0
7.2 to 8.2
Residuals, % 0
0 to 0.15