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AISI 420 Stainless Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4340 Steel

Both AISI 420 stainless steel and SAE-AISI 4340 steel are iron alloys. They have 88% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 420 stainless steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4340 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190
210 to 360
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 8.0 to 15
12 to 22
Fatigue Strength, MPa 220 to 670
330 to 740
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 76
73
Shear Strength, MPa 420 to 1010
430 to 770
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 690 to 1720
690 to 1280
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 380 to 1310
470 to 1150

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 620
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 27
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 10
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 3.0
7.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.5
8.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.5
3.5
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 100
53

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 88 to 130
79 to 170
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 380 to 4410
590 to 3490
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 25 to 62
24 to 45
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22 to 41
22 to 33
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.3
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 25 to 62
20 to 38

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.15 to 0.4
0.38 to 0.43
Chromium (Cr), % 12 to 14
0.7 to 0.9
Iron (Fe), % 82.3 to 87.9
95.1 to 96.3
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.6 to 0.8
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0 to 0.5
0.2 to 0.3
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.75
1.7 to 2.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040

Comparable Variants