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AISI 431 Stainless Steel vs. AISI 316L Stainless Steel

Both AISI 431 stainless steel and AISI 316L stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 33 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 431 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AISI 316L stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 250
170 to 350
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 15 to 17
9.0 to 50
Fatigue Strength, MPa 430 to 610
170 to 450
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
78
Shear Strength, MPa 550 to 840
370 to 690
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 890 to 1380
530 to 1160
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 710 to 1040
190 to 870

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
290
Maximum Temperature: Corrosion, °C 400
410
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 850
870
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
1380
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.6
2.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.0
2.6

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.0
19
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.2
3.9
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 31
53
Embodied Water, L/kg 120
150

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 16
26
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 180
77 to 230
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1270 to 2770
93 to 1880
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32 to 50
19 to 41
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27 to 36
18 to 31
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.0
4.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 28 to 43
12 to 25

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 15 to 17
16 to 18
Iron (Fe), % 78.2 to 83.8
62 to 72
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 2.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
2.0 to 3.0
Nickel (Ni), % 1.3 to 2.5
10 to 14
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0 to 0.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.75
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030