MakeItFrom.com
Menu (ESC)

AISI 431 Stainless Steel vs. ASTM A321 Carbon Steel

Both AISI 431 stainless steel and ASTM A321 carbon steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 431 stainless steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A321 carbon steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 250
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
190
Elongation at Break, % 15 to 17
21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 430 to 610
270
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
73
Shear Strength, MPa 550 to 840
420
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 890 to 1380
670
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 710 to 1040
390

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 850
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
51
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.6
7.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.0
8.1

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.0
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.2
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 31
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 120
46

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 180
120
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1270 to 2770
400
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32 to 50
24
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27 to 36
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.0
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 28 to 43
21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.55
Chromium (Cr), % 15 to 17
0
Iron (Fe), % 78.2 to 83.8
98.1 to 99.25
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.6 to 0.9
Nickel (Ni), % 1.3 to 2.5
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.050