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AISI 431 Stainless Steel vs. AWS E309

Both AISI 431 stainless steel and AWS E309 are iron alloys. They have 80% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 25 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (9, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 431 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AWS E309.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
200
Elongation at Break, % 15 to 17
34
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.27
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
78
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 890 to 1380
620

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
300
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
1410
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
1370
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
15
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
14

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.6
2.1
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.0
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.0
20
Density, g/cm3 7.7
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.2
3.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 31
52
Embodied Water, L/kg 120
180

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 16
25
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32 to 50
22
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27 to 36
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.0
4.0
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 28 to 43
16

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 15 to 17
22 to 25
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.75
Iron (Fe), % 78.2 to 83.8
55.8 to 65.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.5 to 2.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.75
Nickel (Ni), % 1.3 to 2.5
12 to 14
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.030