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AISI 431 Stainless Steel vs. AZ91B Magnesium

AISI 431 stainless steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while AZ91B magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is AISI 431 stainless steel and the bottom bar is AZ91B magnesium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 250
63
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 200
46
Elongation at Break, % 15 to 17
5.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 430 to 610
79
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 77
18
Shear Strength, MPa 550 to 840
140
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 890 to 1380
240
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 710 to 1040
160

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 280
360
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 850
130
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1510
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1450
470
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 480
990
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
73
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
26

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 2.6
11
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 3.0
58

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 9.0
12
Density, g/cm3 7.7
1.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.2
22
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 31
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 120
990

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 140 to 180
11
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 1270 to 2770
280
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
69
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 32 to 50
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 27 to 36
49
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 7.0
42
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 28 to 43
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
8.3 to 9.7
Carbon (C), % 0 to 0.2
0
Chromium (Cr), % 15 to 17
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.35
Iron (Fe), % 78.2 to 83.8
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
87.9 to 91.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0 to 1.0
0.13 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 1.3 to 2.5
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0 to 1.0
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.35 to 1.0