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ASTM A209 Steel vs. A357.0 Aluminum

ASTM A209 steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while A357.0 aluminum belongs to the aluminum alloys. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A209 steel and the bottom bar is A357.0 aluminum.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140 to 150
100
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
70
Elongation at Break, % 34
3.7
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180 to 200
100
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.33
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
26
Shear Strength, MPa 280 to 310
240
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420 to 460
350
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 250
270

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
500
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
170
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
610
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420 to 1430
560
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
900
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
160
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
21

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
40
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1 to 8.2
140

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
12
Density, g/cm3 7.9
2.6
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
8.2
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
150
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
1110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120 to 130
12
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 170
520
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
53
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 16
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 17
43
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
68
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 14
17