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ASTM A209 Steel vs. S31254 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A209 steel and S31254 stainless steel are iron alloys. There are 32 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A209 steel and the bottom bar is S31254 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 140 to 150
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 34
40
Fatigue Strength, MPa 180 to 200
290
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Rockwell B Hardness 77 to 81
84
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
80
Shear Strength, MPa 280 to 310
490
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 420 to 460
720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 220 to 250
330

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
300
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 410
1090
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1470
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420 to 1430
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
460
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
2.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.1 to 8.2
2.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.4
28
Density, g/cm3 7.9
8.0
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.5
5.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 20
74
Embodied Water, L/kg 47
190

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120 to 130
240
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 130 to 170
270
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 15 to 16
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 16 to 17
22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 12 to 14
15