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ASTM A217 Grade C12A vs. ASTM A217 Grade WC9

Both ASTM A217 grade C12A and ASTM A217 grade WC9 are variants of the same material.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A217 grade C12A and the bottom bar is ASTM A217 grade WC9.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 200
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 320
220
Poisson's Ratio 0.28
0.29
Reduction in Area, % 50
39
Shear Modulus, GPa 75
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 670
570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 460
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 270
260
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 600
460
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 26
41
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 8.9
7.8
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 10
9.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 7.0
3.9
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.1
1.8
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 87
59

Common Calculations

PREN (Pitting Resistance) 13
5.9
Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120
110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 560
250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 14
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 25
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 24
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 22
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 6.9
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 19
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.080 to 0.12
0.050 to 0.18
Chromium (Cr), % 8.0 to 9.5
2.0 to 2.8
Iron (Fe), % 87.6 to 90.5
93.5 to 96.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 0.6
0.4 to 0.7
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0.85 to 1.1
0.9 to 1.2
Nickel (Ni), % 0 to 0.4
0
Niobium (Nb), % 0.060 to 0.1
0
Nitrogen (N), % 0.030 to 0.070
0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.2 to 0.5
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.010
0 to 0.045
Residuals, % 0
0 to 1.0