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ASTM A225 Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4320 Steel

Both ASTM A225 steel and SAE-AISI 4320 steel are iron alloys.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A225 steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4320 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 190 to 250
160 to 240
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 21 to 23
21 to 29
Fatigue Strength, MPa 330 to 390
320
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
73
Shear Strength, MPa 390 to 520
370 to 500
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 620 to 830
570 to 790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 460 to 550
430 to 460

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1420
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
46
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
3.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.8
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 24 to 25
22
Embodied Water, L/kg 48
52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 120 to 170
140 to 150
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 580 to 820
480 to 560
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 22 to 29
20 to 28
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 21 to 25
19 to 24
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
13
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 18 to 24
19 to 27