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ASTM A227 Spring Steel vs. AISI 420 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A227 spring steel and AISI 420 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 86% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A227 spring steel and the bottom bar is AISI 420 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 500 to 640
190
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 12
8.0 to 15
Fatigue Strength, MPa 900 to 1160
220 to 670
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
76
Shear Strength, MPa 1030 to 1330
420 to 1010
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1720 to 2220
690 to 1720
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1430 to 1850
380 to 1310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
620
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1510
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1450
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
27
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
10

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
3.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
3.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
7.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
100

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 260
88 to 130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 61 to 79
25 to 62
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 41 to 48
22 to 41
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
7.3
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 55 to 71
25 to 62

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.45 to 0.85
0.15 to 0.4
Chromium (Cr), % 0
12 to 14
Iron (Fe), % 97.4 to 99.1
82.3 to 87.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.3
0 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.75
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030

Comparable Variants