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ASTM A227 Spring Steel vs. AZ91B Magnesium

ASTM A227 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while AZ91B magnesium belongs to the magnesium alloys. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown. Please note that the two materials have significantly dissimilar densities. This means that additional care is required when interpreting the data, because some material properties are based on units of mass, while others are based on units of area or volume.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A227 spring steel and the bottom bar is AZ91B magnesium.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 500 to 640
63
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
46
Elongation at Break, % 12
5.0
Fatigue Strength, MPa 900 to 1160
79
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
18
Shear Strength, MPa 1030 to 1330
140
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1720 to 2220
240
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1430 to 1850
160

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
360
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
130
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
600
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
470
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
990
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
73
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
26

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
11
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
58

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
12
Density, g/cm3 7.8
1.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
22
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
160
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
990

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 260
11
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
15
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
69
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 61 to 79
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 41 to 48
49
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
42
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 55 to 71
14

Alloy Composition

Aluminum (Al), % 0
8.3 to 9.7
Carbon (C), % 0.45 to 0.85
0
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.35
Iron (Fe), % 97.4 to 99.1
0
Magnesium (Mg), % 0
87.9 to 91.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.3
0.13 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.030
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.5
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0
Zinc (Zn), % 0
0.35 to 1.0