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ASTM A227 Spring Steel vs. Nickel 22

ASTM A227 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while nickel 22 belongs to the nickel alloys. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A227 spring steel and the bottom bar is nickel 22.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
220
Elongation at Break, % 12
49
Fatigue Strength, MPa 900 to 1160
330
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
84
Shear Strength, MPa 1030 to 1330
560
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1720 to 2220
790
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1430 to 1850
360

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
320
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
990
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1390
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1360
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
430
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
10
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
11

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
1.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
1.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
70
Density, g/cm3 7.8
8.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
12
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
170
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
300

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 260
320
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
22
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 61 to 79
25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 41 to 48
21
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
2.7
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 55 to 71
24

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.45 to 0.85
0 to 0.015
Chromium (Cr), % 0
20 to 22.5
Cobalt (Co), % 0
0 to 2.5
Iron (Fe), % 97.4 to 99.1
2.0 to 6.0
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.3
0 to 0.015
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
12.5 to 14.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
50.8 to 63
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 0.080
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.020
Tungsten (W), % 0
2.5 to 3.5
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.35