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ASTM A227 Spring Steel vs. SAE-AISI 1012 Steel

Both ASTM A227 spring steel and SAE-AISI 1012 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A227 spring steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 1012 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 500 to 640
100 to 110
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 12
21 to 31
Fatigue Strength, MPa 900 to 1160
150 to 230
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Shear Strength, MPa 1030 to 1330
230 to 250
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1720 to 2220
360 to 400
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1430 to 1850
200 to 330

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
400
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
53
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
6.9
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
7.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
1.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.4
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
18
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
45

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 260
80 to 93
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 61 to 79
13 to 14
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 41 to 48
14 to 15
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 55 to 71
11 to 13

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.45 to 0.85
0.1 to 0.15
Iron (Fe), % 97.4 to 99.1
99.16 to 99.6
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.3
0.3 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.050