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ASTM A228 Music Wire vs. ASTM Grade LC3 Steel

Both ASTM A228 music wire and ASTM grade LC3 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 96% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (3, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A228 music wire and the bottom bar is ASTM grade LC3 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 710
170
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 12
27
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1280
230
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 2450
570
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 2050
310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
410
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 49
52
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.1
7.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.2
8.7

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
4.0
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.7
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
23
Embodied Water, L/kg 45
52

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 280
130
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 87
20
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 52
19
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 13
14
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 79
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.7 to 1.0
0 to 0.15
Iron (Fe), % 98 to 99
94.4 to 96.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.2 to 0.6
0.5 to 0.8
Nickel (Ni), % 0
3.0 to 4.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.025
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.1 to 0.3
0 to 0.6
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.030
0 to 0.045