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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 12 Steel

Both ASTM A229 spring steel and ASTM A387 grade 12 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 12 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 490 to 550
140 to 160
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
25
Fatigue Strength, MPa 710 to 790
190 to 230
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Shear Strength, MPa 1020 to 1140
300 to 330
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
470 to 520
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
260 to 310

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
430
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1470
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
44
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
2.8
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
98 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
180 to 250
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
16 to 18
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
17 to 18
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
14 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0.050 to 0.17
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.2
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
97 to 98.2
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
0.4 to 0.65
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.45 to 0.6
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.025

Comparable Variants