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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. ASTM A387 Grade 9 Steel

Both ASTM A229 spring steel and ASTM A387 grade 9 steel are iron alloys. They have 90% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (1, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is ASTM A387 grade 9 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 490 to 550
150 to 180
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
20 to 21
Fatigue Strength, MPa 710 to 790
160 to 240
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
75
Shear Strength, MPa 1020 to 1140
310 to 380
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
500 to 600
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
230 to 350

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
270
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
600
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
26
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
9.0
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
10

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
6.5
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
2.1
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
28
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
87

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
83 to 110
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
140 to 310
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
18 to 21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
18 to 20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.9
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
14 to 17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0
8.0 to 10
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
87.1 to 90.8
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
0.3 to 0.6
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.9 to 1.1
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.025
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.025
Vanadium (V), % 0
0 to 0.040

Comparable Variants