ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. Commercially Pure Palladium
ASTM A229 spring steel belongs to the iron alloys classification, while commercially pure palladium belongs to the otherwise unclassified metals. There are 19 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (13, in this case) are not shown.
For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is commercially pure palladium.
Metric UnitsUS Customary Units
Mechanical Properties
| Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa | 190 | |
| 120 |
| Elongation at Break, % | 14 | |
| 1.1 to 11 |
| Poisson's Ratio | 0.29 | |
| 0.39 |
| Shear Modulus, GPa | 72 | |
| 43 |
| Shear Strength, MPa | 1020 to 1140 | |
| 120 to 200 |
| Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa | 1690 to 1890 | |
| 200 to 380 |
Thermal Properties
| Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g | 250 | |
| 160 |
| Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C | 1450 | |
| 1550 |
| Melting Onset (Solidus), °C | 1410 | |
| 1550 |
| Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K | 470 | |
| 240 |
| Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K | 12 | |
| 12 |
Electrical Properties
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS | 7.2 | |
| 16 |
| Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS | 8.3 | |
| 12 |
Otherwise Unclassified Properties
| Density, g/cm3 | 7.8 | |
| 12 |
Common Calculations
| Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points | 13 | |
| 5.6 |
| Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points | 24 | |
| 14 |
| Strength to Weight: Axial, points | 60 to 67 | |
| 4.5 to 8.8 |
| Strength to Weight: Bending, points | 40 to 43 | |
| 6.2 to 9.7 |
| Thermal Shock Resistance, points | 54 to 60 | |
| 9.8 to 19 |
Alloy Composition
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| Carbon (C), % | 0.55 to 0.85 | |
| 0 |
| Iron (Fe), % | 97.5 to 99 | |
| 0 |
| Manganese (Mn), % | 0.3 to 1.2 | |
| 0 |
| Palladium (Pd), % | 0 | |
| 99.8 to 100 |
| Phosphorus (P), % | 0 to 0.040 | |
| 0 |
| Silicon (Si), % | 0.15 to 0.35 | |
| 0 |
| Sulfur (S), % | 0 to 0.050 | |
| 0 |
| Residuals, % | 0 | |
| 0 to 0.2 |