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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. EN 1.4446 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A229 spring steel and EN 1.4446 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 64% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (4, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is EN 1.4446 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 490 to 550
140
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
23
Fatigue Strength, MPa 710 to 790
160
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
79
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
490
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
240

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
16

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
2.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
2.5

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
22
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.9
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
4.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
60
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
93
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
140
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
17
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
17
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.6
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
11

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0 to 0.030
Chromium (Cr), % 0
16.5 to 18.5
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
59.7 to 66.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
0 to 1.5
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
4.0 to 4.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
12.5 to 14.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.12 to 0.22
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.040
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030