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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. SAE-AISI 4145 Steel

Both ASTM A229 spring steel and SAE-AISI 4145 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is SAE-AISI 4145 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 490 to 550
310
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
16
Fatigue Strength, MPa 710 to 790
240
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
73
Shear Strength, MPa 1020 to 1140
360
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
580
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
360

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
420
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1460
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1420
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
42
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
13

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
7.3
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
8.4

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
2.4
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
1.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
20
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
51

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
80
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
350
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
21
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
20
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
11
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
17

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0.43 to 0.48
Chromium (Cr), % 0
0.8 to 1.1
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
96.7 to 97.7
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
0.75 to 1.0
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0.15 to 0.25
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.035
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.15 to 0.35
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.040