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ASTM A229 Spring Steel vs. S21904 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A229 spring steel and S21904 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 65% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 31 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (2, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A229 spring steel and the bottom bar is S21904 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 490 to 550
210 to 300
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
17 to 51
Fatigue Strength, MPa 710 to 790
380 to 550
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 72
78
Shear Strength, MPa 1020 to 1140
510 to 620
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1690 to 1890
700 to 1000
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1100 to 1230
390 to 910

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 400
980
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1450
1400
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1350
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 50
14
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 12
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.2
2.5
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.3
2.9

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 1.8
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.7
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 1.4
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 19
43
Embodied Water, L/kg 46
160

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 200 to 230
160 to 310
Resilience: Unit (Modulus of Resilience), kJ/m3 3260 to 4080
380 to 2070
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 60 to 67
25 to 36
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 40 to 43
23 to 29
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
3.8
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 54 to 60
15 to 21

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.55 to 0.85
0 to 0.040
Chromium (Cr), % 0
19 to 21.5
Iron (Fe), % 97.5 to 99
59.5 to 67.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.3 to 1.2
8.0 to 10
Nickel (Ni), % 0
5.5 to 7.5
Nitrogen (N), % 0
0.15 to 0.4
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.045
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.050
0 to 0.030

Comparable Variants