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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. ACI-ASTM CA6N Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and ACI-ASTM CA6N steel are iron alloys. They have 82% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 29 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is ACI-ASTM CA6N steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Elongation at Break, % 14
17
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
640
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Reduction in Area, % 46
57
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
75
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
1080
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
1060

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
280
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
740
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1440
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
23
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
9.9

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.6
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
3.0

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
11
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
2.5
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
35
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
110

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
180
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
38
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
30
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
6.1
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
40

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.060
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
10.5 to 12.5
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
77.9 to 83.5
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 0.5
Nickel (Ni), % 0
6.0 to 8.0
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.020
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0