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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. AISI 303 Stainless Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and AISI 303 stainless steel are iron alloys. They have 73% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 30 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (5, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is AISI 303 stainless steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Brinell Hardness 540
170 to 210
Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
200
Elongation at Break, % 14
40 to 51
Fatigue Strength, MPa 1000
230 to 360
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.28
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
77
Shear Strength, MPa 1080
430 to 470
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
600 to 690
Tensile Strength: Yield (Proof), MPa 1570
230 to 420

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
290
Maximum Temperature: Mechanical, °C 420
930
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1400
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
480
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
16
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
17

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
2.4
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
2.8

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
15
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
3.0
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
42
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
140

Common Calculations

Resilience: Ultimate (Unit Rupture Work), MJ/m3 230
240
Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
14
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
25
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
21 to 25
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
20 to 22
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
4.4
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
13 to 15

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
0 to 0.15
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
17 to 19
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
67.3 to 74.9
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0 to 2.0
Nickel (Ni), % 0
8.0 to 10
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.2
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0 to 1.0
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0.15 to 0.35
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0