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ASTM A231 Spring Steel vs. AISI W5 Steel

Both ASTM A231 spring steel and AISI W5 steel are iron alloys. They have a very high 99% of their average alloy composition in common. There are 23 material properties with values for both materials. Properties with values for just one material (8, in this case) are not shown.

For each property being compared, the top bar is ASTM A231 spring steel and the bottom bar is AISI W5 steel.

Metric UnitsUS Customary Units

Mechanical Properties

Elastic (Young's, Tensile) Modulus, GPa 190
190
Poisson's Ratio 0.29
0.29
Shear Modulus, GPa 73
72
Tensile Strength: Ultimate (UTS), MPa 1790
600 to 2360

Thermal Properties

Latent Heat of Fusion, J/g 250
250
Melting Completion (Liquidus), °C 1460
1450
Melting Onset (Solidus), °C 1410
1410
Specific Heat Capacity, J/kg-K 470
470
Thermal Conductivity, W/m-K 52
45
Thermal Expansion, µm/m-K 13
12

Electrical Properties

Electrical Conductivity: Equal Volume, % IACS 7.3
7.2
Electrical Conductivity: Equal Weight (Specific), % IACS 8.4
8.3

Otherwise Unclassified Properties

Base Metal Price, % relative 2.3
2.3
Density, g/cm3 7.8
7.8
Embodied Carbon, kg CO2/kg material 2.0
1.6
Embodied Energy, MJ/kg 28
21
Embodied Water, L/kg 51
48

Common Calculations

Stiffness to Weight: Axial, points 13
13
Stiffness to Weight: Bending, points 24
24
Strength to Weight: Axial, points 64
21 to 84
Strength to Weight: Bending, points 42
20 to 50
Thermal Diffusivity, mm2/s 14
12
Thermal Shock Resistance, points 53
20 to 78

Alloy Composition

Carbon (C), % 0.48 to 0.53
1.1 to 1.2
Chromium (Cr), % 0.8 to 1.1
0.4 to 0.6
Copper (Cu), % 0
0 to 0.2
Iron (Fe), % 96.7 to 97.7
96.6 to 98.4
Manganese (Mn), % 0.7 to 0.9
0.1 to 0.4
Molybdenum (Mo), % 0
0 to 0.1
Nickel (Ni), % 0
0 to 0.2
Phosphorus (P), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Silicon (Si), % 0.15 to 0.35
0.1 to 0.4
Sulfur (S), % 0 to 0.040
0 to 0.030
Tungsten (W), % 0
0 to 0.15
Vanadium (V), % 0.15 to 0.3
0 to 0.1